रस सूत्र के व्याख्याकारों को उनके सिद्धान्तों के साथ सुमेलित कीजिए: सूची-I: a. भट्ट लोल्लट; b. शंकुक; c. भट्टनायक; d. अभिनव गुप्त। सूची-II: 1. अभिव्यक्तिवाद; 2. भुक्तिवाद; 3. अनुमितिवाद; 4. उत्पत्तिवाद। नीचे दिए गए कूट का प्रयोग कर सही उत्तर चुनिए।
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Correct answer: (E) उपर्युक्त में से कोई नहीं भट्ट लोल्लट उत्पत्तिवाद, शंकुक अनुमितिवाद, भट्टनायक भुक्तिवाद और अभिनव गुप्त अभिव्यक्तिवाद से जुड़े हैं—यानी a-4, b-3, c-2, d-1। यह कूट दिए गए किसी विकल्प में नहीं है।
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 102
सूची-I को सूची-II के साथ सुमेलित कीजिए: सूची-I: a. संकल्प; b. सूरज; c. काका; d. मोटर; e. रेलगाड़ी। सूची-II: 1. तद्भव; 2. देशज; 3. तत्सम; 4. विदेशी; 5. संकर। नीचे दिए गए कूट का प्रयोग कर सही उत्तर चुनिए।
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Correct answer: (C) a-3, b-1, c-2, d-4, e-5 ‘संकल्प’ तत्सम, ‘सूरज’ तद्भव, ‘काका’ देशज, ‘मोटर’ विदेशी और ‘रेलगाड़ी’ संकर शब्द है—यानी a-3, b-1, c-2, d-4, e-5।
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 103
निम्नलिखित शब्द-युग्मों में से कौन-सा सही नहीं है?
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Correct answer: (A) जरठ-जठर = जवान-पेट ‘जरठ’ का अर्थ है बूढ़ा, जवान नहीं—इसलिए यही युग्म गलत है। ‘जठर’ का अर्थ पेट सही है।
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 104
निम्नलिखित अनेकार्थी शब्दों का कौन-सा युग्म सही है?
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Correct answer: (E) उपर्युक्त में से कोई नहीं ‘द्विज’ के अर्थ ब्राह्मण, दाँत और पक्षी हैं—पृथ्वी नहीं। ‘सुरभि’ के अर्थ गाय और सुगंध हैं—स्वर्ण नहीं। ‘अंक’ के अर्थ संख्या और गोद हैं—आनंद नहीं। इसलिए कोई युग्म सही नहीं है।
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 105
निम्नलिखित शब्दों के मूल शब्द तथा इसमें लगे प्रत्यय का कौन-सा युग्म गलत है?
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Correct answer: (E) उपर्युक्त में से कोई नहीं ‘सुंदरता’ = सुंदर + ता, ‘कठिनाई’ = कठिन + आई और ‘बचपन’ = बच + पन—तीनों विभाजन व्याकरण के अनुसार ठीक हैं, इसलिए कोई युग्म गलत नहीं है।
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 106
पारिभाषिक शब्दों का अर्थ किस शब्द-शक्ति में रहता है?
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Correct answer: (B) अभिधा पारिभाषिक शब्द का अर्थ सीधा और निश्चित रहता है, इसलिए वह अभिधा शब्द-शक्ति में आता है। लक्षणा और व्यंजना में अर्थ घुमाकर या छिपाकर आता है।
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 107
संविधान के किस अनुच्छेद के तहत भारत का कोई भी नागरिक किसी भी भाषा में आवेदन दे सकता है?
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Correct answer: (C) अनुच्छेद 350 अनुच्छेद 350 के अंतर्गत कोई भी नागरिक संघ या राज्य के किसी भी अधिकारी को अपनी किसी भी भाषा में आवेदन दे सकता है।
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 108
“सोहत ओढ़े पीत पटु, श्याम सलोने गात। मनहुँ नीलमणि-सैल पर आतपु पर्यो प्रभात॥” उक्त दोहे में किस अलंकार का प्रयोग हुआ है?
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Correct answer: (A) उत्प्रेक्षा अलंकार ‘मनहुँ’ यानी ‘मानो’ से यहाँ संभावना की गई है कि पीले वस्त्र पहने श्याम नीलमणि के पर्वत पर पड़ी प्रभात-धूप जैसे लगते हैं—यही उत्प्रेक्षा अलंकार है।
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 109
निम्नलिखित ध्वनियों में से कौन-सा वर्ण ओष्ठ्य नहीं है?
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Correct answer: (C) ट ओष्ठ्य व्यंजन दोनों होंठों से बोले जाते हैं—प, फ, ब, भ, म। ‘ट’ मूर्धन्य है, इसलिए वही ओष्ठ्य नहीं है।
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 110
जिस संज्ञा में किसी भाव, दशा, धर्म या गुण का बोध होता है, उसे क्या कहते हैं?
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Correct answer: (B) भाववाचक संज्ञा भाव, दशा, धर्म या गुण का बोध कराने वाली संज्ञा भाववाचक कहलाती है—जैसे मिठास, बचपन, सुंदरता।
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 111
Directions for Questions 111 to 125: Read the passage and answer the questions that follow. The idea of power-sharing has emerged in opposition to notions of undivided political power. For a long time, it was believed that all power of a government must reside in one person or group of persons located at one place. It was felt that if the power to decide is dispersed, it would not be possible to take quick decisions and enforce them. But these notions have changed with the emergence of democracy. One basic principle of democracy is that people are the source of all political power. In a democracy, people rule themselves through institutions of self-government. In a good democratic government, due respect is given to diverse groups and views that exist in a society. Everyone has a voice in shaping public policies. Therefore, political power should be distributed among as many citizens as possible. In modern democracies, power-sharing arrangements can take many forms. Power is shared among different organs of government, such as the legislature, executive and judiciary. This is horizontal distribution of power because it allows different organs of government placed at the same level to exercise different powers. Such separation ensures that none of the organs can exercise unlimited power. Each organ checks the others, resulting in a balance of power among institutions. Ministers and government officials are responsible to Parliament or State Assemblies; judges can check the functioning of the executive or laws made by legislatures. This is a system of checks and balances. Power can be shared among governments at different levels—a general government for the entire country and governments at provincial or regional level. Such a general government is usually called federal government; in India it is called the Central or Union Government. Provincial or regional governments are called by different names in different countries. In India, we call them State Governments. Where there are different levels of government, the Constitution lays down their powers. This is called federal division of power. The same principle extends to levels below the State Government, such as Municipality and Panchayat. This is vertical division of power. Power may also be shared among social groups, such as religious and linguistic groups. ‘Community government’ in Belgium is an example. Some countries have arrangements representing socially weaker sections and women in legislatures and administration, such as reserved constituencies, to give diverse social groups and minority communities a fair share in power. Power-sharing also occurs through political parties, pressure groups and movements. Citizens must have freedom to choose among contenders for power. Competition among parties ensures power does not remain in one hand. Sometimes sharing is direct, when two or more parties form an alliance to contest elections; if elected, they form a coalition government and share power. Interest groups such as traders, businessmen, industrialists, farmers and industrial workers may also share governmental power through committees or influence on decision-making. What will happen if power to decide is dispersed?
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Correct answer: (A) Quick decisions won’t be possible The passage says it used to be believed that if the power to decide were dispersed, quick decisions would not be possible.
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 112
What is the basic principle of democracy?
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Correct answer: (A) People are in power By the passage the basic principle of democracy is that the people are the source of all political power.
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 113
Power is shared amongst different parts of government such as
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Correct answer: (D) More than one of the above Power is divided among the legislature, the executive and the judiciary—all three organs—so more than one option is correct.
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 114
Horizontal distribution of power means
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Correct answer: (C) dividing power at same levels of government Horizontal distribution means dividing power among organs of government placed at the same level, not at higher and lower levels.
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 115
Horizontal distribution of power ensures
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Correct answer: (D) More than one of the above Horizontal distribution keeps each organ's power limited and lets the organs check one another—both hold, so the answer is ‘more than one’.
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 116
Which one of the following is not a form of government lower than state government?
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Correct answer: (C) Rajya Sabha Municipality and Panchayat are levels below the State Government, but the Rajya Sabha is a part of Parliament itself—so it does not belong to this list.
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 117
Power shared amongst social groups is called as
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Correct answer: (A) community government The sharing of power among social groups is called community government, of which the passage gives Belgium as the example.
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 118
What ensures that power does not remain in one hand?
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Correct answer: (A) Competition By the passage it is the competition among parties that ensures power does not remain in one hand.
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 119
Direct sharing of power is possible when
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Correct answer: (D) More than one of the above Direct sharing happens when two or more parties form an alliance to contest the elections and, on winning, form a coalition government—both together make it so, hence ‘more than one’.
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 120
Give a suitable title to the given passage.
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Correct answer: (B) Power Sharing The whole passage is about the forms that the sharing of power takes, so the fitting title is ‘Power Sharing’.
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 121
Select the most appropriate word which is similar in meaning to the word COARSE.
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Correct answer: (A) Rough ‘Coarse’ means rough, so its synonym is ‘rough’. ‘Smooth’ would be its opposite.
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 122
Select the word opposite in meaning to the word ACCURATE.
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Correct answer: (C) Faulty ‘Accurate’ means exact and correct, so its opposite is ‘faulty’. ‘Precise’ is a synonym of it.
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 123
The huge painting will be completed by the artists by the end of this month. (Change the voice.)
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Correct answer: (D) More than one of the above Turning the passive into the active brings the doer, ‘the artists’, to the front. The first and the third sentences both say it correctly, only in a different order, so the answer is ‘more than one’.
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 124
A thank-you speech was delivered by her on the occasion of her convocation. (Change the voice.)
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Correct answer: (D) More than one of the above The active form is ‘She delivered a thank-you speech…’. The first and the third both say this, so the answer is ‘more than one’; the second is wrong in its tense.
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 125
Have you ever _____ such a beautiful flower? (Choose the correct phrasal verb.)
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Correct answer: (D) More than one of the above For coming upon something unexpectedly both ‘come across’ and ‘come upon’ will do, so the answer is ‘more than one’. ‘Come through’ means something else.
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 126
An area of land which is used for burial. (Find out one-word substitute for the given sentence.)
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Correct answer: (A) Cemetery Land used for burial is a cemetery. A ‘crematory’ is where a body is burnt, and ‘cementery’ is a misspelling.
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 127
Large-scale destruction by fire is known as
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Correct answer: (B) holocaust Large-scale destruction by fire is a holocaust; the other two are misspellings.
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 128
A place where bees are kept is called
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Correct answer: (D) More than one of the above A place where bees are kept is an apiary, and in everyday speech a bee yard, so the answer is ‘more than one’. A ‘hive’ is one comb, not the whole place.
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 129
Find out the word which is misspelt.
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Correct answer: (A) Ceorsion The correct spelling is ‘coercion’, so ‘Ceorsion’ is the misspelt one. The other two words are right.
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 130
Directions for Questions 130 and 131: Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb. They _____ to attend a dance party today.
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Correct answer: (B) are going With ‘today’, a plan for the near future takes the present continuous, so ‘are going’ is right.
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 131
Rama _____ video-games since morning.
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Correct answer: (C) has played ‘Since morning’ shows the action has gone on from the morning, so among the options the perfect form ‘has played’ is the one that fits.
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 132
Directions for Questions 132 to 134: Spot the error in the given sentences. Everyone is gone to the party today.
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Correct answer: (A) Everyone is ‘Everyone’ takes ‘has’, and the right form of the verb is ‘has gone’—so the error lies in the part ‘Everyone is’.
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 133
Samantha is taller in the whole family.
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Correct answer: (B) taller in the ‘In the whole family’ compares her with everyone, so ‘taller’ should be ‘tallest’—the error is in that part.
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 134
She takes her dog for a walk today evening.
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Correct answer: (C) today evening English does not say ‘today evening’; the correct form is ‘this evening’—so the error is in that part.
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 135
She is currently reading godan which is written by famous hindi writer munshi premchand. (Punctuate the sentence.)
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Correct answer: (C) She is currently reading ‘Godan’, which is written by famous Hindi writer Munshi Premchand. The name of the book goes in quotation marks, followed by a comma, and ‘Godan’, ‘Hindi’ and ‘Munshi Premchand’ all take capitals. Only the third option has all of this.
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 136
She has ben playing football since morning. (Find out the correct tense of the given sentence.)
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Correct answer: (C) Present Perfect Continuous ‘Has been playing… since morning’ is the present perfect continuous—an action begun earlier and still going on.
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 137
I will be going to Delhi next week. (Find out the correct tense of the given sentence.)
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Correct answer: (E) None of the above ‘Will be going’ is the future continuous tense, which is not among the options given.
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 138
Select the correct reported speech for the given sentence: Priya says, “My father is an excellent tennis player.”
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Correct answer: (A) Priya says that her father is an excellent tennis player. ‘Says’ is in the present, so the tense does not change in the indirect speech—only ‘my’ becomes ‘her’.
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 139
He said to me, “Will you pay my food bill?” (Convert the given sentence into indirect speech.)
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Correct answer: (A) He asked me if I would pay his food bill. A question in reported speech takes ‘if’, ‘will’ becomes ‘would’, and the pronouns follow the speaker—‘He asked me if I would pay his food bill.’
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 140
‘Blueberry’ is a compound word that is formed by
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Correct answer: (A) adjective + noun In ‘blueberry’, ‘blue’ is an adjective and ‘berry’ a noun, so it is a compound word made of adjective + noun.
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 141
“I have a pet dog and his name is Robert.” The above sentence is an example of
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Correct answer: (B) compound sentence Here two independent clauses are joined by ‘and’ and each is complete in itself, so it is a compound sentence.
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 142
Directions for Questions 142 and 143: Choose the most appropriate meaning of the underlined idioms or phrases given below. Bend over backwards
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Correct answer: (D) More than one of the above ‘Bend over backwards’ means to make every possible effort to help, that is, to be willing to do anything—the first and the third both say this, so the answer is ‘more than one’.
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 143
Hit the nail on the head
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Correct answer: (A) do/say something exactly right ‘Hit the nail on the head’ means to say or do exactly the right thing.
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 144
She came late because it started raining cats and dogs. The underlined section is
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Correct answer: (B) adverb clause ‘Because it started raining cats and dogs’ has both a subject and a verb and gives the reason, so it is an adverb clause.
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 145
Choose the option that best captures the central idea of the related passage from the given quotes:
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Correct answer: (D) More than one of the above The central idea of the passage is that politeness costs nothing and goes a long way—more than one of the quotes given says just that.
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 146
Rani is waiting for her doctor _____ afternoon. (Choose the correct preposition.)
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Correct answer: (A) since ‘Afternoon’ is a point of time, so it takes ‘since’. ‘For’ is used with a length of time.
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 147
Her office is _____ the top floor of that tall building. (Choose the correct preposition.)
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Correct answer: (A) on For a floor of a building English says ‘on the top floor’.
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 148
Let us go to beach. Let us go to garden. (Choose the appropriate coordinating conjunction that will complete the sentence and make meaningful.)
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Correct answer: (B) and Both things are to be said together—the beach and the garden—so the joining conjunction ‘and’ is used.
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 149
Which one of the following is needed for writing an effective paragraph?
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Correct answer: (D) More than one of the above An effective paragraph needs unity, coherence and development alike, so the answer is ‘more than one’.
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 150
Which one of the following is an example of salutation in letter writing?
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Correct answer: (E) None of the above A salutation comes at the beginning of a letter, such as ‘Dear Sir’. Of the three given, one is a subject line and two are closing words, so the answer is ‘None of the above’.