Which perspective in psychology emphasizes the role of unconscious conflicts and early childhood experiences in shaping behavior and personality?
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Correct answer: (C) Psychoanalytic perspective
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 102
Which approach focuses on identifying and addressing the root causes of accidents to prevent future occurrences?
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Correct answer: (B) Proactive approach
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 103
Match the theories of work motivation in List–I with their corresponding descriptions in List–II and select the correct answer using the codes given below: List–I: a. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs b. Herzberg’s two-factor theory c. Expectancy theory d. Equity theory e. Goal-setting theory. List–II: 1. Focuses on the distinction between hygiene factors and motivators, suggesting job satisfaction and dissatisfaction are influenced by separate factors. 2. Proposes a hierarchy of needs, with physiological needs at the base and self-actualization at the top. 3. Emphasizes fairness in the workplace, with people comparing inputs and outcomes with those of others. 4. Motivation is influenced by the belief that effort leads to performance and performance leads to desired outcomes or rewards. 5. Specific, challenging goals lead to higher performance when accompanied by feedback and commitment.
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Correct answer: (A) a-2, b-1, c-4, d-3, e-5
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 104
Which problem-solving method is often used when people don’t have enough time or resources to employ a systematic approach?
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Correct answer: (B) Heuristic
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 105
Deductive reasoning involves
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Correct answer: (B) Drawing conclusions based on general principles or premises
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 106
In the parallel distributed processing model, what happens when information is stored across a network of interconnected nodes?
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Correct answer: (C) Information is stored in a distributed and interconnected manner
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 107
Which type of Chi-square test is used when comparing observed and expected frequencies in a single categorical variable?
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Correct answer: (A) Chi-square goodness-of-fit test
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 108
What does a small p-value typically indicate in hypothesis testing?
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Correct answer: (E) None of the above
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 109
Which classic study on conformity involved participants who were asked to match the length of lines on different cards?
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Correct answer: (B) Asch’s conformity study
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 110
In the context of impression management, ‘ingratiation’ refers to
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Correct answer: (C) Flattering or pleasing others to gain their favor
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 111
What is the resting membrane potential of a typical neuron?
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Correct answer: (A) −70 millivolts (mV)
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 112
Which of the following behaviors is not typically associated with conduct disorder?
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Correct answer: (C) Social withdrawal and avoidance of peers
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 113
Malingering refers to
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Correct answer: (B) Deliberate exaggeration or feigning of physical or psychological symptoms for external gain
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 114
What is the storming stage in group development characterized by?
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Correct answer: (A) High levels of conflict and competition for leadership
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 115
Which of the following is not a stage in Tuckman’s model of group development?
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Correct answer: (C) Conforming
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 116
Arrange the steps of the creative process from beginning to end: i. Verification ii. Preparation iii. Illumination iv. Incubation. Select the correct answer.
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Correct answer: (C) ii, iv, iii, i
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 117
Match the correlation calculation methods (List–I) with their descriptions (List–II) and select the correct answer using the codes given below: List–I: a. Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient b. Point-Biserial Correlation c. Kendall’s Tau d. Spearman’s Rank-Order Correlation. List–II: 1. Measures the strength and direction of the linear relationship between two continuous variables. 2. Measures the strength and direction of the monotonic relationship between two variables, whether continuous or ordinal. 3. Measures the strength and direction of the rank-order relationship between two variables when data is ranked. 4. Measures the strength and direction of the relationship between a continuous variable and a binary variable.
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Correct answer: (B) a-1, b-4, c-3, d-2
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 118
What category of exceptional children is characterized by challenges in social communication and repetitive behaviors, such as those seen in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)?
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Correct answer: (C) Children with developmental disorders
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 119
When analyzing responses on a Thurstone scale, what statistical technique is often used to determine the overall attitude score?
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Correct answer: (B) Principal component analysis
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 120
What is the ‘contact hypothesis’?
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Correct answer: (C) The theory that positive contact between groups can reduce prejudice
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 121
In a classic experiment by Schachter and Singer, participants were injected with epinephrine (adrenaline) and exposed to either a joyful or angry confederate. What did this study demonstrate?
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Correct answer: (B) Emotions can be manipulated by external factors, such as the presence of others
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 122
Valence, in the context of Vroom’s theory, refers to
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Correct answer: (A) The value or desirability of the outcome
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 123
Snowball sampling is commonly used in which type of research?
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Correct answer: (C) Qualitative research
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 124
In a positively skewed distribution (skewed to the right), how do the mean, median, and mode typically compare to each other?
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Correct answer: (A) Mean > Median > Mode
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 125
Which type of t-test should be used when comparing the means of two groups with unequal sample sizes and unequal variances?
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Correct answer: (C) Welch’s t-test
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 126
Which level of measurement can be used for arithmetic operations like addition and subtraction?
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Correct answer: (D) More than one of the above
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 127
Neo-Freudian theorists, such as Carl Jung and Alfred Adler, expanded on Sigmund Freud’s ideas about personality. What key concept did they emphasize in their theories?
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Correct answer: (C) The role of social and cultural factors in personality
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 128
According to Ebbinghaus’ forgetting curve, when is forgetting most rapid after learning new information?
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Correct answer: (E) None of the above
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 129
What is the non-parametric equivalent of the paired t-test for comparing two related groups?
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Correct answer: (C) Wilcoxon signed-rank test
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 130
In experimental research, what is the role of a placebo?
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Correct answer: (A) To mimic the effects of the treatment without active ingredients
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 131
When assessing social cues in perception, the term ‘paralanguage’ refers to
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Correct answer: (C) Vocal qualities such as tone, pitch and speed of speech
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 132
Impression management refers to
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Correct answer: (B) Manipulating and controlling the impressions others have of oneself
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 133
The pineal gland is responsible for the secretion of
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Correct answer: (A) Melatonin, which regulates sleep-wake cycles
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 134
Which of the following is a function of the parasympathetic nervous system?
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Correct answer: (D) More than one of the above
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 135
Which of the following is true about the release of neurotransmitter?
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Correct answer: (C) It occurs when an action potential reaches the axon terminal of the presynaptic neuron
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 136
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a common and effective treatment approach for which of the following anxiety disorders?
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Correct answer: (D) More than one of the above
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 137
Match the types of leaders and functions of leaders in List–I with their corresponding descriptions in List–II and select the correct answer using the codes given below: List–I: a. Autocratic leader b. Transformational leader c. Transactional leader d. Laissez-faire leader. List–II: 1. Inspires and motivates followers to achieve their full potential, often through a compelling vision. 2. Makes decisions unilaterally, with little input from group members, and is highly directive. 3. Uses rewards and punishments to manage and motivate group members, focusing on task accomplishment. 4. Takes a hands-off approach, allowing group members to make decisions and set their own goals.
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Correct answer: (C) a-2, b-1, c-3, d-4
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 138
Cyclothymic disorder is characterized by
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Correct answer: (B) Chronic and less severe mood disturbances
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 139
ECT (Electroconvulsive Therapy) is a treatment option primarily used for
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Correct answer: (B) Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and Bipolar Disorder
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 140
Which of the following statements about achievement tests is accurate?
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Correct answer: (E) None of the above
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 141
What is the primary advantage of probability sampling methods?
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Correct answer: (C) They provide a representative sample with known properties
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 142
Which type of question in a questionnaire is designed to check if the respondent is paying attention and answering truthfully?
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Correct answer: (A) Trap question
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 143
Which measure of variability is most sensitive to outliers or extreme values in a dataset?
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Correct answer: (B) Standard Deviation (SD)
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 144
During the rising phase of an action potential
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Correct answer: (A) Sodium ions rush into the cell, leading to depolarization
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 145
The Flynn effect refers to
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Correct answer: (C) An increase in intelligence test scores over generations
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 146
What term is often used to describe the internal factors and external situations that influence an individual’s behavior and personality?
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Correct answer: (B) Determinants
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 147
In the context of Social Cognitive Theory, what is ‘reciprocal determinism’?
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Correct answer: (B) The mutual influence of personal, behavioral and environmental factors on one another
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 148
Which coping strategy involves changing one’s thoughts and perceptions about a stressful situation to reduce its emotional impact?
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Correct answer: (E) None of the above
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 149
According to Hans Selye’s General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) model, what are the three stages of the body’s response to stress?
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Correct answer: (A) Alarm, resistance, exhaustion
1 marks · 2023 · Set A
Question 150
What is catatonia, a symptom seen in some individuals with schizophrenia?
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Correct answer: (C) A state of immobility and unresponsiveness or extreme agitation